Hot and rainy weather, citrus moss needs to be vigilant! Don't let the fruit tree "hungry" die

In recent years, as the density of citrus cultivation has increased, the permeability of orchards has declined. In the late spring and early summer, the moderate temperature and rainy season, combined with the indiscriminate use of inferior foliar fertilizer, in some poorly ventilated orchards, it is often seen that the trunk, the leaves and even the ground are covered with a layer of "Green Sha" & mdash; & mdash; Moss disease is more common, and the old orchard is even more serious.

  

  Many fruit farmers think that moss is just Chlorella, but it is not. There are two types of moss: one is moss and the other is epiphytic Chlorella.

 

  Moss is a kind of algae commonly found in citrus orchards. It is attached to the branches by pseudo roots to absorb the water and nutrients in the host. The surface of the organ initially clings to a layer of green, fluffy, massive or irregular epidermal parasites that gradually enlarge and eventually surround the entire trunk and branches or fill the entire blade.

 

  

 

  Epiphytic chlorella is attached to the old leaves of the trunk, branches and the lower part of the canopy. When it occurs seriously, it can spread to the middle and upper leaves and form a layer of grass green algae on the leaves.

 

  

 

  So, what are the hazards of moss?

 

  Moss needs sufficient water and fertilizer supply during the breeding process. Parasitic on the dried branches of the fruit can absorb the nutrients in the branches, covering the leaves and seriously affecting the photosynthesis of the leaves, covering the fruits affecting the fruit quality and appearance, covering Grab the fertilizer water on the ground and block the penetration of water, affecting the exchange of gas in the soil.

 

  affects photosynthesis

 

  

 

  When the citrus leaves are infected, the photosynthesis of the leaves will be seriously affected, and the photosynthetic products will be reduced; at the same time, the pores will be blocked, and some of the leaves will curl or fall.

 

  affect tree potential

 

  

 

  Moss needs ample supply of water and fertilizer during the breeding process. Parasitic on the branches can absorb the nutrients in the branches, causing the trees to weaken and the branches to die.

 

  Reducing the value of the product

 

   

 

  When the citrus fruit is infected, the photosynthesis is insufficient, the fruit is small, and the color, appearance and internal quality of the fruit are significantly affected, and the fruit is low.

 

  affects soil permeability

 

  

 

  The moss covers the ground to seize the fertilizer and block the penetration of water, affecting the exchange of gas in the soil, the soil permeability is poor, the water retention capacity is reduced, and the root absorption is weakened.

 

  increasing the cost of fat and medicine

 

  

 

  Moss blocks the contact of drugs, fertilizers and trees to a certain extent, affecting the effectiveness, and indirectly increases the cost of application of fertilizers and medicines.

 

  The law of moss occurrence

 

  

 

  Moss spreads fastest in warm and humid climates. The management of the orangery is extensive, the age of the trees is aging, the tree is weak, the ventilation is poor, and the damp environment is favorable for the occurrence of moss. The temperature rises to around 10 °C in spring, and occurs between spring and early summer. The summer of high temperature and drought is slow, and the second is the autumn. In winter, the temperature decreases with the decrease of temperature until it stops growing.

 

  Moss usually occurs as follows:

 

  ● The flat orange garden with a large humidity is heavier than the orange farm on the slope.

 

  ● The poor sunshine sunshine of the Yinpo Orange Garden is heavier than the orange farm of the Yangpo; the old orangery garden with weak trees is heavier than the young orangery.

 

  ● The orangery that manages extensive, overgrown, unreasonable or untrimmed is heavier than the orange garden with reasonable trimming, ventilation and light transmission.

 

  ● The inner and lower parts of the canopy are heavier than the outer and upper parts; the densely planted orangery is heavier than the thinly planted orangery.

 

  ● In the same tree, the occurrence of moss starts from the trunk, then gradually develops to the main branch, and finally spreads to the side branches and the old leaves.

 

  ● When the foliar fertilizer is used in a large amount, it is easy to stimulate the occurrence of moss.

 

  Teacher Wu, an expert on citrus citrus, said that the moss looks very serious after it occurs, but it is still relatively easy to control. It needs sufficient water and fertilizer supply during the breeding process, and it often parasitizes all parts of the citrus tree to absorb nutrients and water. The rapid growth of fruit trees from March to June is also the peak period of moss reproduction, which will slow or stagnant during the summer and winter seasons of drought and low temperature.

 

  

 

  So, in the citrus management process

 

  1 It is necessary to clear the ditch in time and the trunk is white.

  In the winter, the garden is carefully cleaned, the moss is removed by brushing, and then the trunk is coated with the whitening agent, which not only can prevent and control the moss, but also has obvious control effects on anthracnose, cracked skin disease and gum disease.

 

  Whitening agent formula: 5 kg of quicklime, 0.5 kg of stone sulfur mixture, 0.5 kg of salt, 0.1 kg of animal oil and 20 kg of water.

 

  2 pairs of spring, summer and autumn shoots are reasonably pruned, keeping the orchard ventilated and ventilating well, destroying the growth environment of moss

 

  For orchards with excessive density and canopy closure, measures such as thinning, shifting or high-replacement are adopted to expand the row spacing, reduce the density of the orangery, and improve the ecological environment of the orchard.

 

  Weeding loose soil to improve soil permeability. Reasonable plastic trimming at the tip stage to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the orangery.

 

  3 Reasonable fertilization, timely medication

 

  The large-scale use period of foliar fertilizer overlaps with the onset of moss (spring and autumn). Pay attention to the use of foliar fertilizer, especially the habit of spraying on the trunk, which is easy to cause the outbreak of moss. When spraying, it should be based on In the orchard, add algae-killing agents.

 

  Qingyuan period: can be used with allicin + silicone, or dexamemide + ammonium bicarbonate, trunk spray treatment, can also be used to clear the garden with sodium rosinate. Pay attention to the temperature and high temperature, so as not to affect the flower bud differentiation and the winter shoots.

 

  Flowering - young fruit stage: Protective fungicides such as zinc and thiamethane can be used.

 

  Inflation - color change period: can prevent and control the allicin + nail spray. It should be used when putting the autumn shoots.

 

  *Mr. Wu reminded that it is strictly forbidden to use any foliar fertilizer when controlling the occurrence of moss, whether it is amino acid fertilizer or elemental fertilizer, especially the water-soluble foliar fertilizer of NPK. If foliar fertilizer is added, the occurrence of moss It will become more and more serious. Foliar spray fertilizer should be used less, and foliar fertilization should be controlled, so that the moss can not get enough water and fertilizer to inhibit its growth, & ldquo; drought death rdquo; moss.

 

  Introduction to moss main control agents

 

  

 

  There are mainly five categories including sulfur-containing preparations, inorganic copper preparations, strong oxidants, fungicides for killing algae, and other algae-killing substances.

 

  Sulphur-containing preparations

 

  Allicin: It is effective for moss, effective for higher fungi, will stimulate germination, and has good effect at high temperature. It is recommended to use it in conjunction with tapping in March and July to August. In other periods, it is prone to unexpected consequences such as accidental tipping, and it is more irritating to human tissues, so pay attention to labor protection.

 

  Desensenium: Acidic substances are easily decomposed above 40 °C, and the moss is generally used in combination with ammonium carbonate at low temperatures. Pay attention to the ambient temperature when mixing with carbon ammonium in winter to avoid the negative effects of germination.

 

  Clotydan: A protective fungicide that can be sprayed when it is sucked and has a protective effect. Not suitable for mixing with zinc preparations.

 

  Inorganic Copper Formulation

 

  Hydrium hydroxide, cuprous oxide, copper oxychloride, etc.: Inorganic copper preparations have a certain inhibitory effect on not serious moss. However, it is difficult to compound. It is easy to cause phytotoxicity during the use of young fruit at high temperature, and it will also stimulate sputum damage. It is generally used only when mixed with ulcer disease.

 

  strong oxidizer

 

  Peracetic acid, chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, etc.: Although the strong oxidant has a short-lasting effect, it has a strong killing ability against fungal bacterial viruses on the surface of citrus trees and can be used as a surface fungicide. However, it is difficult to compound. It is easy to produce phytotoxicity at high temperature. Chlorobromoisocyanuric acid cannot be compounded with organophosphorus pesticides. It has strong irritancy to the human body and should be protected by labor.

 

  Algalife-killing fungicide

 

  Bromoxynil: is effective for anthracnose and can be used in combination with anthrax management from May to June and from September to October.

 

  Tytosanone: is effective against deuteromycetes and can be used in combination with the treatment of gray mold and scab in March to May.

 

  In some southern areas, farmers always pay no attention to the prevention and treatment of moss, and it is too late to cause damage. In the future, management can save a lot of things. Don't wait until the citrus has moss disease, can't fertilize, can't pour Water, wait until the moss is dry, and the citrus tree is also "hungry" dying.